what are the qualifications to be a member of the executive branch

The executive branch

The executive branch is headed by the president, who must be a natural-built-in citizen of the United States, at least 35 years old, and a resident of the state for at to the lowest degree fourteen years. A president is elected indirectly by the people through the Electoral College system to a four-year term and is express to ii elected terms of role past the Twenty-2d Amendment (1951). The president's official residence and function is the White House, located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue N.West. in Washington, D.C. The formal ramble responsibilities vested in the presidency of the United States include serving as commander in chief of the armed forces; negotiating treaties; appointing federal judges, ambassadors, and chiffonier officials; and interim as caput of state. In practice, presidential powers have expanded to include drafting legislation, formulating foreign policy, conducting personal affairs, and leading the president's party.

U.Due south. authorities

A diagram of the branches of the U.S. government.

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

The members of the president's cabinet—the chaser general and the secretaries of State, Treasury, Defense, Homeland Security, Interior, Agronomics, Commerce, Labor, Health and Homo Services, Housing and Urban Evolution, Transportation, Instruction, Free energy, and Veterans Affairs—are appointed by the president with the approval of the Senate; although they are described in the Twenty-fifth Amendment every bit "the principal officers of the executive departments," meaning power has flowed to non-cabinet-level presidential aides, such as those serving in the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), the Council of Economic Advisers, the National Security Quango (NSC), and the office of the White House Main of Staff; cabinet-level rank may be conferred to the heads of such institutions at the discretion of the president. Members of the cabinet and presidential aides serve at the pleasure of the president and may be dismissed past him at any fourth dimension.

Bush-league, George W.; National Security Council

U.S. Pres. George W. Bush coming together with the National Security Council in the Cabinet Room of the White Business firm, September 12, 2001.

Courtesy of the George West. Bush Presidential Library & Museum/NARA

The executive branch also includes independent regulatory agencies such as the Federal Reserve Organisation and the Securities and Commutation Commission. Governed past commissions appointed by the president and confirmed past the Senate (commissioners may non be removed past the president), these agencies protect the public interest by enforcing rules and resolving disputes over federal regulations. Also office of the executive branch are government corporations (e.g., the Tennessee Valley Authority, the National Railroad Passenger Corporation [Amtrak], and the U.Due south. Postal Service), which supply services to consumers that could exist provided by individual corporations, and independent executive agencies (e.m., the Central Intelligence Bureau, the National Scientific discipline Foundation, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration), which comprise the residual of the federal regime.

The legislative branch

Know how the United States elects the offices of the House of Representatives, the Senate, the president, and the vice president unlike the United Kingdom

Learn how the United States elects the offices of the House of Representatives, the Senate, the president, and the vice president in the 21st century and how this system compares to that of other countries, such as the United Kingdom.

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The U.S. Congress, the legislative branch of the federal government, consists of 2 houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. Powers granted to Congress under the Constitution include the power to levy taxes, infringe money, regulate interstate commerce, impeach and convict the president, declare state of war, discipline its ain membership, and make up one's mind its rules of process.

With the exception of revenue bills, which must originate in the House of Representatives, legislative bills may be introduced in and amended by either firm, and a beak—with its amendments—must laissez passer both houses in identical grade and be signed by the president before it becomes police. The president may veto a pecker, but a veto can be overridden by a two-thirds vote of both houses. The House of Representatives may impeach a president or another public official past a majority vote; trials of impeached officials are conducted by the Senate, and a ii-thirds majority is necessary to captive and remove the individual from office. Congress is assisted in its duties by the General Accounting Office (GAO), which examines all federal receipts and expenditures by auditing federal programs and assessing the fiscal impact of proposed legislation, and past the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), a legislative counterpart to the OMB, which assesses budget data, analyzes the financial impact of culling policies, and makes economical forecasts.

The House of Representatives is chosen past the direct vote of the electorate in single-member districts in each country. The number of representatives allotted to each state is based on its population as adamant past a decennial demography; states sometimes gain or lose seats, depending on population shifts. The overall membership of the Firm has been 435 since the 1910s, though it was temporarily expanded to 437 after Hawaii and Alaska were admitted as states in 1959. Members must exist at least 25 years old, residents of the states from which they are elected, and previously citizens of the United States for at least seven years. It has get a practical imperative—though non a constitutional requirement—that a member be an inhabitant of the commune that elects him. Members serve two-year terms, and there is no limit on the number of terms they may serve. The speaker of the Firm, who is called past the majority political party, presides over argue, appoints members of select and conference committees, and performs other of import duties; he is second in the line of presidential succession (post-obit the vice president). The parliamentary leaders of the two chief parties are the majority floor leader and the minority floor leader. The flooring leaders are assisted by party whips, who are responsible for maintaining contact between the leadership and the members of the House. Bills introduced by members in the House of Representatives are received by standing committees, which can amend, expedite, filibuster, or impale legislation. Each committee is chaired past a fellow member of the majority political party, who traditionally attained this position on the basis of seniority, though the importance of seniority has eroded somewhat since the 1970s. Among the most important committees are those on Appropriations, Ways and Means, and Rules. The Rules Committee, for example, has significant ability to determine which bills will be brought to the floor of the House for consideration and whether amendments will exist immune on a bill when information technology is debated by the entire Business firm.

Each state elects two senators at large. Senators must exist at least thirty years erstwhile, residents of the country from which they are elected, and previously citizens of the U.s. for at to the lowest degree nine years. They serve six-year terms, which are arranged so that 1-third of the Senate is elected every two years. Senators also are non subject area to term limits. The vice president serves as president of the Senate, casting a vote only in the instance of a tie, and in his absence the Senate is chaired by a president pro tempore, who is elected by the Senate and is third in the line of succession to the presidency. Among the Senate's most prominent standing committees are those on Foreign Relations, Finance, Appropriations, and Governmental Affairs. Argue is nearly unlimited and may be used to delay a vote on a bill indefinitely. Such a delay, known as a filibuster, can be concluded by iii-fifths of the Senate through a process called cloture. Treaties negotiated by the president with other governments must be ratified by a 2-thirds vote of the Senate. The Senate also has the power to confirm or reject presidentially appointed federal judges, ambassadors, and cabinet officials.

The judicial branch

The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court of the United States, which interprets the Constitution and federal legislation. The Supreme Court consists of nine justices (including a chief justice) appointed to life terms past the president with the consent of the Senate. It has appellate jurisdiction over the lower federal courts and over country courts if a federal question is involved. It also has original jurisdiction (i.due east., information technology serves as a trial court) in cases involving foreign ambassadors, ministers, and consuls and in cases to which a U.S. state is a party.

Most cases reach the Supreme Court through its appellate jurisdiction. The Judiciary Deed of 1925 provided the justices with the sole discretion to determine their caseload. In order to issue a writ of certiorari, which grants a court hearing to a case, at least four justices must agree (the "Rule of Four"). Iii types of cases commonly achieve the Supreme Court: cases involving litigants of different states, cases involving the interpretation of federal law, and cases involving the estimation of the Constitution. The court can take official activity with as few equally half-dozen judges joining in deliberation, and a majority vote of the unabridged court is decisive; a tie vote sustains a lower-court decision. The official decision of the court is oftentimes supplemented by concurring opinions from justices who support the majority decision and dissenting opinions from justices who oppose it.

Because the Constitution is vague and ambiguous in many places, it is often possible for critics to mistake the Supreme Court for misinterpreting it. In the 1930s, for case, the Republican-dominated court was criticized for overturning much of the New Deal legislation of Democratic President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In the area of civil rights, the courtroom has received criticism from various groups at unlike times. Its 1954 ruling in Brown v. Lath of Teaching of Topeka, which alleged schoolhouse segregation unconstitutional, was harshly attacked by Southern political leaders, who were later joined past Northern conservatives. A number of decisions involving the pretrial rights of prisoners, including the granting of Miranda rights and the adoption of the exclusionary rule, also came under attack on the ground that the court had made information technology difficult to convict criminals. On divisive issues such as abortion, affirmative action, school prayer, and flag burning, the court's decisions have angry considerable opposition and controversy, with opponents sometimes seeking constitutional amendments to overturn the court's decisions.

Brown five. Lath of Educational activity

(From left) Lawyers George Due east.C. Hayes, Thurgood Marshall, and James Thousand. Nabrit, Jr., celebrating outside the U.Southward. Supreme Courtroom, Washington, D.C., subsequently the Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Teaching that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, May 17, 1954.

AP Images

At the lowest level of the federal courtroom arrangement are commune courts (meet United States Commune Court). Each country has at least one federal district court and at to the lowest degree one federal judge. District judges are appointed to life terms by the president with the consent of the Senate. Appeals from district-court decisions are carried to the U.S. courts of appeals (see United States Court of Appeals). Losing parties at this level may entreatment for a hearing from the Supreme Court. Special courts handle property and contract harm suits against the United States (The states Court of Federal Claims), review customs rulings (United States Court of International Merchandise), hear complaints by individual taxpayers (United States Revenue enhancement Court) or veterans (United States Court of Appeals for Veteran Claims), and utilise the Compatible Code of Military Justice (United States Courtroom of Appeals for the Military machine).

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